"Virtual particles arise naturally out of the Heisenberg uncertainty principle in QM. As long as dEdT < h/2 we cannot detect the particle. Vacuum polarization HAS been experimentally detected before, but so far as I know, actual photons have not. One theory of why accelerated charges (for example an electron) radiate is simply that the particle is surrounded by a cloud of virtual photons, and when accelerating leaves the some of the virtual photons behind which become observable because dEdT becomes larger than h/2."And so the secret of meditation is that listening and hearing is faster than Fourier Uncertainty - since time-frequency uncertainty is based on a linear measurement operation whereas listening as meditation is nonlinear and so faster that time-frequency uncertainty. Try to keep in mind that the whole universe was created out of zero energy. As Schroedinger coined the term "negentropy" (reverse or anti-entropy) in his book "What is Life?" it is from quantum degeneracy pressure that is entangled and so faster than time-frequency uncertainty. To quote Professor Andrei Linde: Andrei Linde
"If you did not have normal matter then you do not have it after inflation, unless you know how to produce it. Usually you produce equal numbers of particles and antiparticles. But you need just a little more of particles and they form the basis of our life. This process of the creation of matter is impossible without quantum mechanics. You know that there exists the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle and one of its formulation is delta E [change of frequency] multiplied by delta T [change of time] is comparable with the Planck's Constant. So if you violate energy conservation law, but do it quickly, then nobody can catch your hand and say you violated the energy conservation."And so to address your concern about the 2nd law of thermodynamics - you need to understand quantum phase. If quantum phase is a spin 1/2, as Lawrence Domash emphasizes, and is superconductive due to phase resonance - then you can indeed "capture" virtual photon energy. All that is required is internal resonance that is nonlinear and so asymmetric in time.
"Moreover, when one of these particles completes a closed path in the network, the particle acquires a quantum phase."Read more at: https://phys.org/news/2017-09-apparent-macroscopic-violation-law-thermodynamics.html#jCp
Tom Bearden has further commentary and discussion
So to store up the energy there has to be a phonon packing of the energy and then, as de Broglie's Law of Phase Harmony realized, momentum is not conserved. So since frequency is to time as momentum is to wavelength, you have a positive momentum that is superluminal and has a negative frequency, from noncommutative quantum phase, that is faster than time-frequency uncertainty. Emergence in Complex, Cognitive, Social, and Biological Systems 2012 gives the skinny:
"Quantum Field Theory and System Theory" Giuseppe Vitiello:
To better understand this point, I recall that phonons are bosons particles. This means that as many as one wants can be put in the same state with the same quantum numbers, e.g. same energy, same momentum, etc.. Since they [phonons] are massless, their lowest energy state is a zero energy state. Therefore we can collect a large number of phonons in the system lowest energy state (the ground state) without changing its energy: it will remain the system ground state, even with a large number of phonons condensed in it. p. 386 (his emphasis).Professor Friedwardt Winterberg, father of nuclear fusion rocket:
The origin of charge is explained to result from a field of virtual phonons, having their source in the zero-point fluctuations of Planck mass particles bound in the vortex fragments...This requires that the force between Planck mass particles of equal sign is repulsive, but between those of opposite sign attractive. While the law for the conservation of energy is conserved during the collision between a positive with negative Planck mass particle of mass mp, the momentum fluctuates by Ap = mpc...Benjamin Solomon
To propel rockets using mass particles such as ions, atoms and molecules (aka fuel), momentum exchange is the basic concept behind thrust. So why do massless photons create thrust? Honestly, we don’t know because we don’t know how to falsify what we currently know. We have this empirical formula for photon momentum, p = h/λ where h is Planck’s constant and λ is the photon’s wavelength. And the group velocity that causes the EMDrive thrust, can be traced back to this empirical formula.A longitudinal resonance acoustic wave medium thrust
What is more controversial is the idea of treating the quantum vacuum as a medium capable of supporting acoustic oscillations that carry momentum in one direction
that quantum vacuum fluctuations (virtual particles) could be the dynamic medium that guides real particles in pilot-wave quantum physics theories. In fact, the researchers start the theory section of the paper by describing their theoretical model as “a nonlocal hidden-variable theory, or pilot-wave theory for short.”Measurement of Impulsive Thrust From a Closed Radio-Frequency Cavity in Vacuum - Harold White, Paul March, et. al. 2017
...Bell went on to say in the preface of his 1987 book that the pilot wave eliminated the shifty boundary between wavy quantum states on the one hand and Bohr's classical terms on the other: said simply there was a real quantum dynamics underlying the probabilistic nature of quantum mechanics.
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